Automotive Engine Design and Manufacturing

Due to the growing demand for environmental protection, government departments in many countries and regions have formulated strict environmental protection laws and regulations. This has had a great influence on the design and manufacturing technology of automotive engines, coupled with the requirements of the technical progress of automotive engines themselves. The development of oil specifications can be described with each passing day. The international engine oil development trend is that the quality requirements for lubricating oil have been continuously improved, and the specification of engine oil has developed rapidly.

At present, there are two major organizations in the world, namely the AC International Lubricating Oil Standardization and Accreditation Commission represented by the United States and Japan and the European Automobile Manufacturers Association of Europe. They have developed test methods for engine oil specifications and requirements, and they have different Focus. This type of specification leads the development of global lubricants, and whether they can move toward unity is of concern to the lubricant industry.

Gasoline engine oil The differences between the United States and Europe gasoline engine oil development The driving force for the development of gasoline engine oil is mainly to save natural resources and protect the environment. Therefore, the fuel saving performance of automobiles is still an important issue. However, the United States and Europe have adopted different policies to promote fuel economy.

The U.S. policy is to establish the average fuel economy of manufacturers, such as light fuel trucks and passenger cars. The maximum limit for fuel consumption is a fine of 50 U.S. dollars per vehicle. This approach directly puts pressure on automakers. The European fuel economy policy is to collect fuel consumption tax. For example, the French gasoline tax is Germany, which is 7 U.S. dollars. The United States only imposes a heavy burden on the owners of high consumption taxes, which indirectly passes pressure on the car manufacturers. The fuel saving policy has a greater impact on the development of lubricants. Due to the different emphasis, different trends have emerged in Europe and the United States. Europe pays more attention to the oil change period and the oil change period continues to increase.

For example, the recommended oil change period for the German Volkswagen is the new one. The recommended oil change period is 30. In the United States, due to the importance of oil saving performance, the anti-friction performance of the oil product continues to increase. The number of miles per liter of gasoline in the US car fleet has increased from about a year to about 47. It can be seen that increasing friction reduction has a direct bearing on improving fuel economy.

Differences in the development of lubricants between the U.S. and Europe have resulted in differences in the formulation of lubricants. Table U.S. and EU engine oil formulations Comparing project performance Performance of dispersants Level of detergents Levels of anti-wear agents Qiao antioxidant level Viscosity index improver shear stability was better than that of friction modifiers in the development of a program class test for the fuel economy test of the next generation of gasoline engine oil.

The second aging phase is equivalent to running fuel economy and fuel economy durability. From the perspective of oil and oil products, the fuel economy has decreased with the extension of working hours. Therefore, another key is the fuel economy durability. Similarly, characteristics and fuel economy assessment methods have also been developed. The fuel economy of the method tested is also reduced with longer working hours. Fuel economy durability is also an important aspect of its new specification development.

Gasoline engine oil development trends The United States and Japan emphasize fuel economy, while Europe pursues a longer oil change period. It is unlikely that the United States and Japan will sacrifice fuel economy and sacrifice oil to Europe. The future of gasoline engine oil standards can be unified, and further studies and consultations are still needed.

The immediate background of the latest development in gasoline engine oils is better fuel economy, better fuel economy and better exhaust system protection, better high-temperature deposition protection, and a driving factor is the elimination of leaded gasoline in all tests. And use more new models of engines in the test. Compared with a performance table and specifications of the performance is more stringent.

The specification improves the smoke control ability, requires its dispersion ability to be good, has certain requirements for the dispersant and the base oil, or fails to meet the performance requirements. Another significant improvement is the addition of an evaluation test for valve wear. It is the latest diesel engine oil specification for Europe that meets the requirements of the European Emission Standard engine. Its performance and related bench tests will definitely deteriorate. The global standard performance grade of diesel engine oil is a starting point for the establishment of a global standard for diesel engine oil. The establishment of a unified global standard for diesel engine oil is currently only possible and has not made substantial progress.

Conclusion Environmental regulations have become the biggest driving force for the development of engine oil. Due to the differences in energy conservation represented by the United States and Japan and Europe, the gasoline engine oil cannot achieve globally uniform standards. But for the specification, fuel economy durability is the key to the next generation of gasoline engine oil technology. Due to the convergence of the environmental laws and regulations on diesel engine design and the closer approximation of diesel engine oil specifications, it is possible to establish a global standard.